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Asia's weekly TOP10 crypto news: Kyrgyzstan Shuts Down USDKG, South Korea Tightens Cross-Border Crypto Rules, China Plans a National Blockchain Network, Thailand Finalizes Crypto ETF Rules, and Hong Kong–Malaysia Explore Stablecoin Cooperation.
Michael Saylor :AI will amplify the scarcity of premium assets In a September 28, 2026 Binance @binance interview, Strategy Executive Chairman Michael Saylor @saylor described two inflation rates: CPI at only about 3% as machines make things cheaper, and the cost of capital — scarce assets the wealthy want — up 15% annually for six years, best proxied by the S&P. Robots can clean, drive and cook but cannot create more Palm Beach beachfront, another Picasso or more Bitcoin — scarce assets won't get cheaper; ordinary people should accumulate wealth.
At Token2049 in Singapore, the floors no longer carried the old energy of cat-ear headsets, spandex, and meme-laden hoodies. Bankers, asset managers, and executives from established firms moved among founders and protocol teams, the quieter dress code signaling a broader realignment. What once represented cultural rejection now looks like institutional arrival—Wall Street has stopped treating digital assets as an external curiosity and begun integrating them into its operating system. This is more than aesthetics. Crypto’s earlier identity was deliberately anti-establishment: permissionless, resistant to hierarchy, and skeptical of traditional finance. Its visual language reflected the belief that money and settlement could operate beyond banks, clearinghouses, and regulators. Spot Bitcoin ETFs have attracted tens of billions in cumulative flows, with BlackRock’s IBIT becoming a standard portfolio allocation. Institutions that weathered the drawdown from late 2025 into mid-2026 largely maintained or increased exposure, treating weakness as an accumulation opportunity. Allocations remain modest, typically one to two percent, but increasingly persistent—positioned as a long-term store-of-value complement to gold rather than pure speculation. Tokenized equities and real-world assets have also expanded across formerly crypto-native platforms. Wall Street’s posture is pragmatic. High yields and renewed Federal Reserve rate hikes did not prevent digital assets from reclaiming the $3 trillion market-cap threshold or delivering a strong quarterly recovery in 2026. ETF inflows during August and September turned year-to-date figures positive, largely driven by regulated investment vehicles. CME booths and banking sessions at industry conferences have become ordinary channels for distribution and risk management. Tokenization of equities, commodities, and credit is increasingly discussed alongside custody, prime brokerage, and collateral eligibility. Infrastructure is being designed around institutional volume, reliability, and compliance rather than experimentation alone. What began as an alternative financial ecosystem is becoming mainstream market infrastructure, with traditional institutions shaping how capital moves through the space. Yet this transition carries tension. Crypto’s original promise was not merely faster settlement or tokenized assets; it was an architecture of trust that could make intermediaries optional. Institutional participation makes digital assets investable at scale, but reintroduces gatekeeping and coordination costs the technology sought to reduce. As banks and asset managers become primary distribution channels, permissionless infrastructure may survive in code while economic value concentrates in regulated products. Price discovery and capital allocation still occur on-chain, yet the marginal dollar increasingly arrives through structures governed by securities laws, fiduciary standards, and balance-sheet constraints. The result is a hybrid model: open protocols underneath, closed institutional channels above. This structure can scale beyond crypto-native experimentation, but risks diluting the original vision. For Wall Street, the adaptation is continuous. Equities and fixed income absorbed electronic trading and quantitative strategies without abandoning their institutional character; digital assets appear to be following a similar path. However, crypto’s volatility, continuous trading, and composability demand faster operational change. Real-time collateral management, programmable settlement, and on-chain transparency are increasingly viewed as advantages rather than threats. Firms that once dismissed the sector now evaluate it as another asset class with distinct liquidity, correlation, and custody characteristics. Cultural signaling at conferences matters less than the operational shift: risk committees have models, compliance teams have playbooks, and portfolio managers have benchmarks. Crypto’s institutionalization is no longer simply about acceptance; it is about building systems capable of sustaining capital flows. What remains uncertain is whether this absorption preserves crypto’s friction-reducing advantages or introduces new fees and access controls around faster settlement. Early internet platforms underwent a comparable evolution, shedding their experimental identities to become commercial infrastructure. Many radical projects were acquired, regulated into conventional businesses, or outcompeted. Crypto’s version of that process is still unfolding. The suits at Token2049 do not prove decentralized technology has been domesticated. They demonstrate that capital allocators now consider digital assets durable enough to require professional standards. Ultimately, markets will test whether that durability rests on the underlying rails or on the institutions now wearing the suits.
Bitcoin Spot ETFs See $21.13M in Net Inflows; Ethereum ETFs Post Ninth Consecutive Day of Outflows on Oct. 9 (ET) According to SoSoValue data, U.S. spot Bitcoin ETFs recorded $21.13 million in net inflows on October 9 (ET), with BlackRock’s IBIT attracting $22.38 million and Fidelity’s FBTC posting $3.58 million in net outflows. Spot Ethereum ETFs recorded $56.10 million in net outflows, marking their ninth consecutive trading day of outflows, all of which came from BlackRock’s ETHA.
#Ledger devices bought through reseller CryptoBillis were tampered. Funds deposited on those units were drained. Loss is about $90M. This is not a one-off. GoPlus reminder: buy hardware wallets only from official channels → check the packaging and seal → verify authenticity and activation status on the official site. Wallet makers should also ship tamper-response as standard — including wiping keys if the device is opened — to cut off this class of risk. Main attacker addresses (per Specter and tanuki42): Bitcoin： bc1qjqgwejnp8dc0x2938x9n9954hj97t82unx49dl bc1qqnkwurxs99xkx5t4yffqhq3u6qwy0qpjyujtm9 bc1qgqheemzla77pesl227hdtgf5ykz62d0zvld26n Tron： TK6DWNpNe1w2iJRNFpU8aHdrPTATxvXT6C TBkcUMYC7CkTK99tkTnaStQVBastfrs9d9 TCGE3xp6YGRKXxDZiLfysgJW3f22KfMNsW TSDWtuZ2pARUVz4v3PkL2hi3iXPjowAr5a EVMs： 0x69c8f401cfc6cd40ac94691d6d7c48e3b7a47841 0x033636e45d519bebb7b5c2520ca6ce56fbdb4f7a 0x83aeac166f6832ae3500000a24510a95a052a599
Crypto News - 9 October 2026 The U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission proposed a new regulatory framework on October 5 that would allow cryptocurrency exchanges offering leveraged or margined trading to operate under federal oversight. The proposal introduces a category of regulated venues called crypto asset markets, with requirements covering proof of reserves, market manipulation safeguards and customer protections. Exchanges could opt into this framework rather than relying primarily on separate state money-transmitter licenses. The move follows Congress's failure to advance broader crypto market legislation and represents another attempt to establish clearer rules for digital asset trading. However, the proposed framework remains subject to the regulatory process and does not replace comprehensive legislation. Samsung Brings USDC Payments to Galaxy Wallets Samsung announced plans this week to introduce USDC stablecoin transfers directly through Samsung Wallet and Samsung Pay for eligible Galaxy users in the United States. The service, scheduled to begin rolling out in late October, will use blockchain infrastructure including Solana to support cross-border payments without requiring a separate cryptocurrency application. Users will be able to transfer USDC to compatible wallets and send funds to eligible bank accounts in more than 60 countries, with local currency conversion available. The initiative involves infrastructure provider Bastion and Coinbase, which will support custody services. Samsung's announcement highlights the growing integration of stablecoins into everyday financial applications and consumer payment systems. NYSE Parent Backs 24/7 Tokenized Stock Trading OKXICE, a joint venture between cryptocurrency exchange OKX and New York Stock Exchange parent Intercontinental Exchange, disclosed plans on October 5 for a regulated tokenized stock trading platform in the United States. The proposed venue would initially support blockchain-based versions of shares in more than 60 publicly listed companies, allowing round-the-clock trading and potentially faster settlement. Tokenized shares would retain traditional shareholder rights, including dividends and voting, under the proposed structure. The initiative builds on a new SEC innovation exemption designed to support regulated experimentation with blockchain-based securities. The platform has not yet launched and remains subject to regulatory conditions, but the announcement signals growing interest from established financial market operators in tokenization. U.S. spot Bitcoin ETFs opened Monday with USD 89.8 million in net outflows, as withdrawals from ARK 21Shares' ARKB (USD 85.2 million) and Fidelity's FBTC (USD 74.5 million) outweighed BlackRock's IBIT inflows of USD 69.9 million. Tuesday brought a reversal with USD 118.8 million in net inflows, led by IBIT (USD 122.0 million). Wednesday recorded the week's heaviest selling at USD 484.9 million in net outflows, driven by IBIT (USD 207.7 million), FBTC (USD 105.1 million) and ARKB (USD 101.7 million). Thursday extended the decline with another USD 244.1 million leaving the funds, including USD 197.1 million from FBTC. Overall, Bitcoin ETFs recorded approximately USD 700.0 million in net outflows across Monday through Thursday, signaling renewed institutional selling pressure. Friday's figures remain incomplete and are awaiting final issuer reporting, including IBIT. U.S. spot Ethereum ETFs began Monday with USD 50.8 million in net outflows, led by BlackRock's ETHA (USD 31.9 million) and Fidelity's FETH (USD 18.9 million). Selling accelerated Tuesday as ETHA recorded USD 201.9 million in withdrawals, bringing the day's net outflow to USD 201.9 million. Wednesday remained under pressure with USD 160.9 million in net outflows, driven by ETHA (USD 116.1 million) and Grayscale's ETHE (USD 25.8 million), alongside smaller withdrawals across other funds. Thursday saw another USD 72.5 million leave the market, although Fidelity's FETH attracted USD 5.5 million in inflows. Overall, Ethereum ETFs registered approximately USD 486.1 million in net outflows from Monday through Thursday, reflecting persistent institutional selling throughout the week. Friday's figures remain incomplete and are awaiting final issuer reporting. Cardano (ADA) led this week's tracked assets with a modest 0.8% gain, followed by Metal DAO (MTL), up 0.2%, and Metal Blockchain (METAL), up 0.1%. These were the only three assets in the tracked group to finish the seven-day period in positive territory. Loan Protocol (LOAN) declined 1.6%, while Bitcoin (BTC) slipped 2.3% and XPR Network (XPR) fell 3.5%. Larger losses were recorded across several major cryptocurrencies, including Ethereum (-6.7%), Solana (-7.5%) and Hedera (-8.4%). The broad pullback coincided with heavy outflows from U.S. spot Bitcoin and Ethereum ETFs, although market sentiment remained in Greed territory. The Crypto Fear & Greed Index stood at 59 on October 9, down from 72 a week earlier, suggesting optimism had cooled despite the index remaining above neutral.
I have just concluded a highly successful discussion with President Vladimir Putin, of Russia, wherein it was agreed that Russia will immediately supply over 300,000 Tons of Diesel Fuel to the American and Global Marketplace, another 500,000 Tons during the month of November, and 1,000,000 Tons immediately thereafter. Additionally, based on the condition of their Diesel Refineries, Russia will then deliver, within a short period of time, 3,000,000 Tons of Diesel Fuel. Between our TOTAL CONTROL of the Strait of Hormuz, and this great announcement on Russian Energy, Diesel Prices for Americans and, indeed, the World, will be COMING DOWN, IN RECORD NUMBERS, AND FAST! Lower prices for Americans, especially our Great Farmers, Ranchers, and Truckers, is my Greatest Priority. This is a very big and important announcement. Additionally, it must be understood, that Iran will not have a Nuclear Weapon! Thank you for your attention to this matter. President DONALD J. TRUMP
The fish might not care about your Bitcoin rewards. But we do. Earn up to 4% back in Bitcoin on every purchase, no bait.
LATEST: Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent says the U.S. expects to seize $1B in Iran-linked crypto this week, part of an “absolute isolation campaign” targeting the regime’s access to financial channels.
We're concerned by reports of significant losses affecting Ledger users, and our thoughts are with everyone impacted. As investigations continue, the focus must be on supporting affected users, tracing funds, and assisting recovery efforts wherever possible. Security is a shared responsibility, and Binance stands ready to support the industry's collective efforts.
Poor guy! 4 months ago, he bought 80 $BTC ($5.2M) at a low price of ~$65,000 and was sitting on a $1.38M profit. But a week ago, he bought a Ledger device from reseller CryptoBillis and deposited all 80 $BTC into it. Now he's lost everything. https://arkm.com/explorer/address/bc1q9r0jxknrtlc96dankvgkwa0347569rc6dn53fs
Standard Chartered just launched institutional custody for crypto, stablecoins, and tokenized real-world assets. A 160-year-old bank now safeguards tokenized assets as a core service. The red days come and go. The infrastructure being built doesn’t care about this week’s candle.
Bessent Says U.S. May Seize About $1B in Iran-Linked Crypto This Week According to Newsmax, U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent said at the NPolicy Summit in Washington that the U.S. may seize about $1 billion in cryptocurrency linked to Iran this week, adding that authorities “know where it is.” He said the move is part of an “absolute isolation campaign” that also includes maritime blockades, flight restrictions and efforts to close Iran’s land routes. Bessent said in May that the U.S. had already seized about $1 billion in Iran-linked crypto assets, although it remains unclear whether the latest $1 billion target is additional to previously announced seizures.
Quantum-Safe Bitcoin, Today At Token2049 this week, StarkWare CEO @EliBenSasson argued that blockchains need to become future-proofed, and fast. The quantum threat may be closer than most people assume. The chains that come through it will be the ones with cryptographic agility: the ability to change their cryptography when they need to. Bitcoin is the hardest test of that idea. Its script language is effectively frozen. Adding a post-quantum signature opcode means a soft fork, and a soft fork means years of coordination before a single coin is protected. The quantum timeline may not wait that long. So StarkWare researchers asked a narrower question. Not what Bitcoin should add, but what Bitcoin can already express. Can you build a lock that Shor's algorithm can't pick today, inside the rules the network already runs on, without asking anyone's permission? The answer is yes. It's called Quantum-Safe Bitcoin (QSB), and it has already been spent on Bitcoin mainnet. The problem Every Bitcoin public key is derived from a private key by multiplying a point on an elliptic curve. Going forward takes microseconds. Going backward should take longer than the universe has existed. Shor's algorithm, on a large enough quantum computer, does it in polynomial time. Roughly a third of all BTC (around 7 million coins, by Coinbase's estimate) already has its public key visible on chain. That includes old P2PK outputs, reused addresses and every Taproot output. These coins don't need to move to be exposed, so a quantum attacker would never have to race anyone for them. The agreed long-term fix is post-quantum signatures, and that work is underway in BIP-360 and BIP-361. Both need a soft fork, and Bitcoin soft forks are measured in years. But Bitcoin already has the tools for another approach. Shor breaks elliptic-curve cryptography by exploiting its mathematical structure. Hash-based cryptography doesnt rely on the mathmatical structure Shor exploits. That is the whole idea behind QSB. What QSB is QSB locks a Bitcoin output so that the only thing between an attacker and the coins is an enormous amount of hashing, not an elliptic-curve private key. Elliptic-curve cryptography is still in the script, and the network still checks signatures exactly as it always has. The signature check just isn't what keeps the coins locked anymore. StarkWare researcher Avihu Levy (@avihu28) designed the method and published it in April 2026. On 26 August 2026, with engineering work from StarkWare's Tomer Giladi, the first QSB output was spent on Bitcoin mainnet in block 964,199. It took a few hundred dollars of GPU time, with no soft fork, no new opcode and no consensus change. Since launch, that cost has dropped from about $320 to around $50, and work to bring it down further is ongoing. How it works To spend a Bitcoin output, you have to satisfy its script. Normally three pieces have to fit together: a signature, a message and a public key. The public key comes from the script, the message comes from your transaction, and the signature comes from you, made with your private key. QSB flips which piece is missing. The signature is fixed in the script and the message still comes from your transaction. The public key then follows from those two on its own. Then comes the catch: hash that public key, and the result must itself be a valid signature. Almost nothing is, about one in forty trillion. So you tweak harmless fields in your transaction and try again, tens of trillions of times, on rented GPUs. Eventually one attempt works, and the output becomes spendable. No private key was involved at any point, so there's nothing for Shor's algorithm to recover. Hashing and a hash-based one-time signature tie the spend to this exact transaction. The lock rests on RIPEMD-160, which gives roughly 118 bits of security even against a quantum attacker. What it is not QSB doesn't make Bitcoin quantum-resistant. Running Bitcoin's normal throughput this way would cost tens of millions of dollars a day in compute, and the difficulty can't be tuned down to make it cheaper. It protects new outputs one at a time and does nothing for coins that are already exposed. Moving coins into QSB in the first place also requires an ordinary, quantum-unsafe spend. It isn't a normal transaction either. Bitcoin Core's default relay rules treat QSB spends as nonstandard, so the mainnet transaction never passed through the public mempool. It was submitted directly to @MARA through its Slipstream service. The consensus rules accept it, but default node software won't relay it, so anyone using QSB today needs a miner willing to take the transaction directly. There's no wallet, no address format, no recovery flow and no Lightning support. QSB also relies on two behaviours that Bitcoin arguably treats as bugs, so a future consensus cleanup could break it with no upgrade path. Levy himself calls it a last-resort measure and a research curiosity, not a path to post-quantum Bitcoin. StarkWare's position hasn't changed: the real fix for Bitcoin is a soft fork. QSB shows what's possible in the meantime, and how much it costs when a chain can't change its own cryptography. Why this matters for Starknet Being quantum-safe isn't one upgrade; it's the ability to keep upgrading a chains cryptography as threats evolve. Eli Ben-Sasson calls this cryptographic agility. Starknet is built to adapt. STARK proofs have used hash-based security from day one, so the proving system does not need to be replaced for a quantum migration. Its native account abstraction lets accounts adopt post-quantum signatures without changing the protocol. In June, StarkWare published Starknet's quantum migration roadmap in three phases: Core cryptography: replace Pedersen hashing with BLAKE2 across state commitments, contract addresses and network configuration, and add post-quantum consensus signatures. Migration tooling: give existing contracts a path to the new setup. Ethereum-linked components: bridge syscalls and blob data availability. The third phase is the hard one. As an L2, Starknet inherits its security from Ethereum. However fast Starknet moves, it can only be fully quantum-safe once Ethereum is. At Token2049, Eli Ben-Sasson put that dependency to the community as an open question: should Starknet become an L1 for post-quantum agility, so it can move at the pace the threat may demand instead of waiting on Ethereum's timeline? It's a question, not a decision, and the conversation is happening in public. QSB shows what it looks like when a chain can't move. Starknet is asking how to make sure it always can. Read the quantum roadmap and join the discussion on X.
World’s Largest Hardware Wallet Maker Ledger Investigates Wallet-Draining Reports; Onchain Analyst Estimates Losses Above $86M Ledger, the world’s largest hardware wallet manufacturer, said it is investigating reports of stolen funds involving users in Southeast Asia who purchased devices from reseller CryptoBilis. The company has asked CryptoBilis to pause sales and shipments during the investigation and advised customers who bought devices from the reseller within the past 90 days not to initialize them. Users who have already set up their devices were advised to move assets to a new Ledger signer using a new seed phrase. Separately, onchain investigator Specter said he traced suspicious addresses receiving funds from hundreds of victim wallets across Ethereum, TRON and Bitcoin, estimating total losses at more than $86 million. The common attack vector has not yet been confirmed, and there is currently no evidence that Ledger hardware wallets or Ledger’s core infrastructure were directly compromised.
THE BLOCK: Ledger said it is investigating reports of lost funds involving users in Southeast Asia who purchased devices from reseller CryptoBilis. Ledger said it has asked CryptoBilis to pause sales and shipments while the investigation continues. It advised customers who bought devices from the reseller in the past 90 days not to set them up, or to move their assets to a new Ledger signer with a new seed if already set up. Onchain investigator Specter estimated that more than $86 million had been drained from hundreds of wallets across Bitcoin, Ethereum and Tron. Security researcher tanuki42 earlier put the losses at more than $72 million and said the figure was increasing. $BTC, $ETH, $TRON
THE BLOCK: Ledger said it is investigating reports of lost funds involving users in Southeast Asia who purchased devices from reseller CryptoBilis. Ledger said it has asked CryptoBilis to pause sales and shipments while the investigation continues. It advised customers who bought devices from the reseller in the past 90 days not to set them up, or to move their assets to a new Ledger signer with a new seed if already set up. Onchain investigator Specter estimated that more than $86 million had been drained from hundreds of wallets across Bitcoin, Ethereum and Tron. Security researcher tanuki42 earlier put the losses at more than $72 million and said the figure was increasing. $BTC, $ETH, $TRON
UPDATE: 🇺🇸 US spot BTC ETF flows (Thu, Oct 8, 2026): -$244.1m A second straight heavy outflow session for spot Bitcoin ETFs. After Wednesday’s -$484.9m, Thursday added another -$244.1m in net outflows, bringing the two-day total to -$729.0m. EZBC was the only fund to finish meaningfully positive on the day.
THE BLOCK: Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent says the U.S. will "probably" seize $1 billion in crypto tied to Iran this week. "We know where it is," he said Thursday at a conference, calling the crackdown an "absolute isolation campaign."
The @CFTC's proposed crypto asset regulatory regime would institute a federal regulatory framework designed to protect exchange customers from fraud, manipulation, and theft of customer funds as we saw with FTX. Ironically, by denouncing our efforts to bring market-based regulation to crypto exchanges and supporting the status quo, our critics find themselves on the side of the fraudsters, manipulators, and looters-dangerously inviting the next Sam Bankman-Fried to run roughshod over the American people.
A gambler (or possibly a hacker) sold 262.78 $ETH for 643K $USDC and deposited it into Hyperliquid, then opened a 40x short on 305.51 $BTC ($25.4M) 40 minutes ago. Liquidation price: $84,086.03 https://hypurrscan.io/address/0xf15d41724e10e3d64d2e292fb6fd5e45ae7bddf9#txs https://arkm.com/explorer/address/0xF15d41724E10E3D64D2e292fB6Fd5E45AE7BDdf9
You may have noticed that Crypto Twitter has spent much of this week arguing about whether AI could break the cryptography most crypto wallets rely on. You may also have struggled to follow the elliptic curves, ECDSA, lattice-based commitments and P = NP stuff. That makes you completely normal. Fear not: nothing has been broken, as far as anyone knows. Here is what happened, what is still unknown, and why it matters. On Tuesday, OpenAI released 722 mathematical manuscripts, written by an internal model it has not made public, covering hundreds of open problems. Mathematicians are still working out what they represent. Fewer than half have computer-checked main results, and a computer check confirms the logic, not the significance. Three papers were withdrawn within a day over a sign error. OpenAI has not claimed an attack on wallet cryptography. One result nevertheless drew serious attention: claimed progress toward the Riemann hypothesis, a puzzle about prime numbers unsolved since 1859. Rutgers mathematician @AlexKontorovich said that if a human had done it, it would be "an instant Fields Medal, no questions asked." The crypto world noticed. On Wednesday, Ethereum Foundation researcher @drakefjustin asked the industry to "calmly begin planning for bunker mode": preparing for the elliptic-curve signatures protecting most Bitcoin and Ethereum wallets to be broken by ordinary mathematics before quantum computers can do it. His worst case: "months not years." @VitalikButerin took the concern seriously but cautioned: "don't rush anything." He advised favoring hash-based schemes where possible, adding: "I personally have lost more money in botched migrations than I have lost in all hacks combined." In three bullets, the central idea: ⦿ Your wallet has a private key you keep secret and a corresponding public key ⦿ A signature made with the private key authorizes a payment; anyone can check it against the public key ⦿ The security rests on one-way math: easy to go forward, believed practically impossible to reverse on today's computers, so nobody can realistically work out your private key from your public key Nobody has proved that last step cannot be reversed; it has resisted every known attempt on today's computers. The worry is that AI might find a shortcut. There is a precedent for mathematical shortcuts: decades of work made factoring large numbers far easier than the obvious method suggested. Vitalik asks whether elliptic curves, and the newer lattice-based schemes built to resist quantum computers, hide shortcuts humans have missed but machines might find. Not everyone is convinced. Coinbase's head of cryptography, @LindellYehuda, says there is "no evidence whatsoever" that the assumptions behind elliptic curves have been weakened, and called the warning FUD. Nobody claims a breakthrough has happened; the dispute is over how seriously to prepare for one. However you weigh the risks, there are two clocks running. One is a quantum computer powerful enough to break this cryptography. It doesn't exist yet, and its development involves engineering milestones we can track. The other is a hypothetical mathematical breakthrough, which could arrive without notice and run on machines already available. Nobody can confidently date either. What would be at risk if an attacker could recover private keys from public keys? The most immediately exposed funds would be those controlled by keys that are already public. On Bitcoin, many address types hide the public key until you spend, and good wallets send change to a fresh address. On Ethereum, people commonly keep using one address, and its public key can be recovered as soon as it signs a transaction or a message. Bitcoin also has exposed keys in older outputs, Taproot outputs and reused addresses. That distinction explains Drake's advice to move funds to fresh addresses that keep their public keys hidden behind a hash. A new address is not automatically safe, though: Taproot outputs, for example, include a public key from the start. Sensible preparation starts with the ability to change. A blockchain may need to swap how it checks ownership as confidence in existing methods shifts, ideally without a network-wide upgrade. That is what crypto-agility means: engineering for flexibility. On CKB, ownership checks are programs, so new ones can be added without changing the network's rules. A signature scheme built from hash functions, the family Vitalik advises favoring where possible, is already live on mainnet: SPHINCS+. Our Chief Architect, Jan Xie, covers the quantum timeline and the challenges of migration in notes from a recent talk: https://jan.la/posts/pqc-migration-talk-notes/
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